The Accusative Case (Biernik) in Polish

The Accusative case (Biernik) is used in Polish for the direct object of transitive verbs. It answers the questions "kogo?" (whom) and "co?" (what). For feminine singular nouns, the ending is "-ę" (e.g., książkę). Neuter singular nouns do not change (e.g., okno). Masculine singular nouns split: animate masculine nouns (people, animals) take "-a" (e.g., psa, brata), while inanimate masculine nouns remain unchanged (e.g., stół, chleb). In negative sentences, the direct object switches from accusative to genitive.